de Lima and Singh, 2003, de Lima et al., 2008). It was observed that values of sediment outflow rate and average sediment concentration had a good correlation with rainfall intensity and land slope for each mulch treatment. (1988) compared the effects of six different rainfall patterns on runoff and soil … Neglecting the slope effect on infiltration would generate Runoff sediment (RS) and water (RW) were collected from the outlet. Keys words __ rain intensity, overland flow, soil erosion, vegetation, selected land slopes under simulated rainfall conditions by using rainfall simulator of size 10 m × 1.2 m × 0.5 m with the locally available soil material in Pantnagar. One of the key factors affecting temporal variation of soil erosion is rainfall intensity distribution during a storm event. However, concentration varied according to sample type (soil or water), time of collection (for runoff water and sediment) and the slope of the soil flume. In particular, storms with increasing rainfall intensity yielded highest quantities of eroded sediments, total runoff and highest sediment concentrations followed by increasing then decreasing, decreasing then increasing and decreasing intensity, respectively. At the hillslope scale, conditions at the surface vary with the topographic posi-tions that can cause different hydrologic re-gimes and erosion (Huang et al. rainfall moved from the top of a slope to the downslope outlet) than upslope-moving rainfall (i.e. It can lead to degradation of land productivity and water pollution, which limit human survival and development. Soil erosion on cultivated land was primarily affected by moisture content, while on uncultivated land, it was mostly affected by slope steepness. The quantity of these three types of mulches were taken as, 6 ton/ha, 8 ton/ha and 10 ton/ha and for each mulch treatment, three rainfall intensities viz. February 2017; DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26247.39841. rainfall moved from the downslope outlet to the top of a slope) (e.g. Abstract. The AgNPs concentration in the runoff sediments increased with subsequent applied rain events. In the present study, hay mulch was selected to observe the effect of mulching in soil loss reduction. Results showed that in lower rainfall intensities a linear function fits the relationship between soil loss and rainfall intensity whereas this function tends to be non-linear at higher intensities. Therefore, in bare plots, although sediment yield was generally low, averaging 74+/-43 kg ha(-1), the mean of runoff achieved a coefficient of 35%, this magnitude has to be taken into consideration in this region verging on aridity. Rainfall kinetic energy plays an important role in breaking down aggregates and forming crusts. Therefore, the soil erosion rate increases strongly with increasing organic content and clay content. A laboratory rainfall simulation study was conducted on an Ultisol from subtropical China to investigate the effect of rainfall kinetic energy on crusting, infiltration, runoff, and erosion. The runoff and soil loss from the Anthrosol surface were generally higher than those from the Calcaric Cambisol surface. The flow regime was always laminar and subcritical. > rainfall intensity > organic content in the soil. 1- Expérimentation de nouveau matériaux dans les procédés d 'épuration. agricultural sandy soil (82.22% sand, 11.57% silt and 7.21% clay). EFFECT OF SOIL TEXTURE, SLOPE GRADIENT AND RAINFALL INTENSITY ON RUNOFF AND EROSION 4.1 Introduction Soil erosion by water occurs due to complex interactions of sub processes between detachment and transport of soil materials. Soil erosion and runoff generation from a field or a basin depend on several parameters, such as climate, soil characteristics, rainfall depth and intensity, and slope morphology. The interrill erosion mechanism is becoming clearer, and process-based models are becoming more accurate. The results show that the soil erosion rate in areas of metamorphic rocks shows a marked increase compared with areas of steep slope and sedimentary rocks. The runoff and soil loss from the Anthrosol surface were generally higher than those from the Calcaric Cambisol surface. The effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on runoff, soil loss and rill development were different for the two soils. The lowest runoff coefficients and the highest soil loss in regime 2 were found in shrub and forest land, respectively, which differed from that of regime 1. Soil Erosion- Causes and Effects. In semiarid regions, rainfall is one of the primary factors affecting soil erosion and crop production under rain-fed agriculture. Higher concentrations of AgNPs in soil were detected in the BS than in the Sf likely due to the BS having more fine particles (silt and clay). Soil erosion and runoff generation from a field or a basin depend on several parame-ters, such as climate, soil characteristics, rainfall depth and intensity, and slope mor-phology. However, few attempts have been made to analyze the effects of rainfall and inflow on soil erosion for hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion or rill erosion in the Chinese Mollisol region. kg− 1) was applied to two soil-flumes with slope percentages of 20% and 10%. Laboratory studies on soil flume have shown that peak discharge and erosion rate are higher under downslope-moving rainfall (i.e. Erosion agents and patterns profoundly affect hillslope soil loss characteristics. ... is vulnerable to soil erosion due to heavy rainfall, its high elevation and undulating terrain. Mathematical relationships were developed for relating sediment outflow rate, sediment concentration, land slope and rainfall intensity for a particular mulch treatment. Effect of tillage, slope, and rainfall on soil surface microtopography quantified by geostatistical and fractal indices during sheet erosion Na Ta tana0214@163.com 1 , Chutian Zhang zhangchutian@nwafu.edu.cn 1 , Hongru Ding dinghongru@nwsuaf.edu.cn 2 and Qingfeng Zhang zhqf@nwsuaf.edu.cn 1 These effects were significantly different from those in the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation), which underpredicted erosion at low slopes. The study sought to quantify the effect of rainfall characteristics on sheet erosion and maize grain yield under different tillage systems. The sediment outflow rate for no mulch treated land was higher as compared to mulch treated lands. Therefore, understanding the effects of rainfall intensities on soil nutrient and sediment transportation from farmland via surface runoff is important. Rainfall intensity plays a dominant role in soil erosion, while rainfall accumulation is the main influencing factor for runoff. The study confirms that AgNPs can be transported by both overland flow and sediment due to erosion. Soil erosion poses a major threat to the sustainability of natural ecosystems. Rainfall simulation... Conference: Colloque International sur la vulnérabilité des sols méditerranéens à l’érosion hydrique dans un contexte de changement global. AgNPs were detected in all samples collected. As rainfall continues, the storage of the furrow is exceeded by the volume of rainfall and runoff will overflow the furrow. Water ways may also be blocked, and it may affect water quality. This study showed that soil and water conservation management can have a positive effect on runoff and sediment reduction, and traditional sloping farmland should be reconstructed. Runoff and sediments were negligible in covered plots. Soil erosion on cultivated land was primarily affected by moisture content, while on uncultivated land, it was mostly affected by slope steepness. PDF | The objective of this work is to study the effect of rain intensity on overland flow and soil erosion, in a planted soil. Besides, some researchers observed that runo volume and The consequences of soil erosion are primarily centered on reduced agricultural productivity as well as soil quality. During the investigation (November 2016–October 2018), soil water content, rainfall, runoff, and soil erosion were continuously monitored. Higher rainfall intensity produced less runoff and more sediment for almost each treatment. At plot scale, contradictory results were derived regarding slope e ects on infiltration (e.g., [17,18]) and soil erosion (e.g., [19,20]). The runoff distribution pattern was observed to be increasing with the increase in land slope. 1. Soil erosion induced by rainfall has become one of the major environmental disasters. Soil moisture content and organic matter make up are some of the soil component aspects that determine erosivity of wind or rainfall. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. It was carried out under semiarid conditions and infertile sandy soils of Zimbabwe. Previous studies have shown that the use of vegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion. Starting with the minor soil disruption caused by the impact of falling raindrops, splash erosion moves around small particles in the upper soil layer. Copyright © 2015 International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation and China Water and Power Press. The storm patterns were: (1) increasing rainfall intensity (2) increasing then decreasing intensity (3) decreasing intensity (4) decreasing then increasing intensity. Flanagan et al. 11cm/h, 13cm/h and 14.65cm/h at 0%, 2% and 4% land slopes were selected. These results indicate that the geological characteristics to produce soil are closely related to sedimentation before and after erosion, providing basic information for the development of models to predict soil erosion rates. Rainfall amount and intensity were recorded every 24 hours, while sheet erosion was measured from four tillage systems (Conventional Tillage (CT), Mulch Ripping (MR), … Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil penetration resistance, and bulk density were recorded periodically in portions … Erosion rates were proportional to rainfall, and increase with increasing clay content. Effects of Soil Erosion. In addition, increasing the slope of the flume from 10% to 20% increased the total AgNPs transported with the runoff sediment by a factor 1.5. and sediment yield was recorded. 2001). Rainfall intensity, slope and antecedent moisture explained 84–89 and 59–66% of the variation in runoff and soil loss, respectively. The experiment consists of seven vegetation treat… Four storm patterns, each with a different rainfall intensity variation were separated. 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